There are many women all across the globe doing all sorts of things just to get a whiter or fairer skin complexion. Embedded in this skin whitening craze is the assumption that women who have white skin are being given more opportunities in life. In fact, women who want to learn skin whitening tips yearn for a more beautiful self-image. For some of them, they want to whiten their skin because of certain skin problems that come with age. Since aging brings with it all sorts of skin discolorations, older women are also interested to learn more tips on how to minimize these skin darkening problems.
Skin whitening mixtures are easy to make. Many people prefer to have lighter skin tone. They use various methods to make their skin look lighter. There are several products available in the market that can be used for skin lightening. However, you cannot be sure about the results because they are made up of various ingredients including some chemicals. People who have sensitive skin may not be able to use them. The best way to lighten the skin is to use a homemade skin whitening cream or paste. It is more effective and will not cause any side effects.
As you can see, there are so many ways to whiten your skin. Here we introduce some of top skin whitening agents.
壬二酸 Azelaic acid (1,7-heptanedicarboxyilic acid, AZA) is a naturally occurring non-toxic straight chain, saturated dicarboxylic acid derived from Pityrosporum ovale, the organism responsible for pityriasis versicolor. Azelaic acid appears to selectively influence the mechanism of hyperactive and abnormal melanocytes, but minimally influences normal skin pigmentation, freckles, nevi and senile lentigenes.
The depigmenting activity of azelaic acid appears to be mediated by an antiproliferative and cytotoxic effect on melanocytes by potent inhibition of thioredoxin reductase, an enzyme involved in mitochondrial oxidoreductase activation and DNA synthesis.
The compound is also able to bind amino and carboxyl groups and may prevent the interaction of tyrosine in the active site of tyrosinase and thus function as a competitive and reversible inhibitor. Its lightening effect appears to be selective and most apparent in highly active melanocytes, with minimal effects in normally pigmented skin.
曲酸Kojic acid (5-hydoxy-4-pyran-4-one-2-methyl) is a fungal metabolite derived from various fungal species such as Acetobacter, Aspergillus, and Penicillium that is chemically related to hydroquinone and acts as a tyrosinase inhibitor. It functions by chelating copper at the active site of the tyrosinase enzyme. It also acts as an antioxidant and prevents the conversion of the o-quinone to DL-DOPA and dopamine to its corresponding melanin. Melanocytes that are treated with kojic acid become nondendritic and have decreased melanin content. Kojic acid also acts as a free radical scavenger.
熊果苷Arbutin, (hydroquinone-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside) a naturally occurring -d-glucopyranoside derivative of hydroquinone.Arbutin exerted its effect through a controlled release of hydroquinone by the in vivo hydrolysis of the glycosidic bond. It is reported by various researchers to inhibit the oxidation of L-DOPA catalysed by mushroom tyrosinase. A recent study indicated that arbutin inhibits melanin synthesis by inhibition of tyrosinase activity. This appears to be due to the inhibition of melanosomal tyrosinase activity and Pmel-17 protein at noncytotoxic concentrations rather than the suppression of this enzyme’s synthesis and expression. It also inhibits the maturation of melanosomes, possibly by its reported influence on DHICA (5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid) polymerase activity. It is thought that the activity of arbutin is driven by the structural homologies that it shares with the substrate tyrosine. It was showed that arbutin inhibits the oxidation of L-tyrosine (monophenolase activity) catalysed by mushroom tyrosinase and that it competes for active binding sites in tyrosinase without influencing the mRNA transcription of tyrosinase or being oxidized. However, arbutin itself was oxidized as a monophenol substrate at an extremely slow rate, and the oxidation was accelerated as soon as catalytic amounts (0.01 mM) of l-3,4- dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) became available as a cofactor.
eBiochem.com can offer the above series of products
eBiochem.com was established in September 2010,focusing on e-commerce model innovation and business practice of bio- pharmaceutical and chemical industry, determining to build the world's leading one - stop on line trading platform of bio-pharmaceutical and chemical industry.
Please feel free to contact us, if you have any question.
Email: support-team@ebiochem.com
Website: http://www.ebiochem.com/
没有评论:
发表评论